There are currently 569.6 million people settled below 5 metres above sea level, who could face risks from the direct and indirect hazards posed by the rising sea levels. aegypti have decreased across all countries since the year 2000, countries in the low Human Development Index group remain on average the most vulnerableġ.4.1 Terrestrial Food Security and UndernutritionĬrop yield potential continues to follow a downward trend, with 6♰% reduction in the crop yield potential of maize, 3♰% for winter wheat, 5♴% for soybean, and 1♸% for rice, relative to the 1981–2010 average crop yield potential.ġ.5 Migration, Displacement and Sea-Level Rise While vulnerabilities to arboviruses transmitted by A. albopictus than in baseline years.ġ.3.2 Vulnerability to Mosquito-Borne Diseases aegypti and 7% higher for transmission by A. The R0 for all arboviral diseases tracked has increased, and, in 2020, was 13% higher for transmission by A. In 2020, up to of 19% of the global land surface was affected by extreme drought in any given month.ġ.3.1 Climate Suitability for Infectious Disease Transmission Nearly 60% of countries had an increase in the number of days people were exposed to very high or extremely high fire danger in 2017–20 compared with 2001–04, and 72% of countries had increased human exposure to wildfires across the same period.

Heat-related deaths in people older than 65 reached a record high of an estimated 345000 deaths in 2019 between 20, all WHO regions, except for Europe, saw an increase in heat-related deaths in this vulnerable age group. The past four decades saw an increase in the number of hours in which temperatures were too high for safe outdoor exercise, with people in the low Human Development Index country group having an average loss of 3♷ h of safe exercise per day in 2020.Ģ95 billion hours of potential work were lost due to extreme heat exposure in 2020, with 79% of all losses in countries with a low Human Development Index occurring in the agricultural sector.Įxposure to heatwave events worsens expressed sentiment, with a 155% increase in negative expressions on Twitter during heatwaves in 2020 from the 2015–19 average. Climate Change Impacts, Exposures and VulnerabilityĪlthough vulnerability to heat in the low and medium Human Development Index (HDI) country groups is 27–38% lower than in the very high HDI group, it is increasing in all groups and, since 1990, it has increased by 19% in the low HDI group and by 20% in the medium HDI group.ġ.1.2 Exposure of Vulnerable Populations to HeatwavesĬhildren younger than 1 year were affected by 626 million more person-days of heatwave exposure and adults older than 65 years were affected by 3♱ billion more person-days of heatwave exposure in 2020 than in the 1986–2005 average.

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